The starter is also called the motor. It converts the electrical energy of the battery into mechanical energy and drives the flywheel of the engine to rotate to start the engine. Here is a brief introduction to the characteristics of the starter mechanism and some precautions.
Institutional characteristics
① The power output structure is divided into armature shaft and transmission shaft. Both ends of the armature shaft are supported by ball bearings. The load distribution is uniform, the use time is long, and the armature is not easy to wear. The armature is short, so it is not easy to bend the armature shaft and wear the magnetic field winding.
② A reduction device is used. A reduction gear is installed between the rotor and the starting gear. The torque transmitted from the starting motor to the starting gear will increase. The electromagnetic switch is used to make the starting gear and the starting gear shaft bear the power output of the motor (after the reduction gear), while the meshing part does not move. For starters with small output power, external engagement is often used, while for starters with large output power, internal engagement is used.
③ The deceleration starter is operated by electromagnetic switch, and some are equipped with auxiliary switch (or auxiliary switch). Its function is to prevent electromagnetic switch and switch (start) from burning out. Gradually connecting the power supply greatly reduces the possibility of damage to the starter, thus prolonging the service life of the starter.
④ The volume and weight of the decelerating starter is about half of that of the traditional starter, which saves raw materials and is convenient for disassembly and repair.
⑤ The number of magnetic pole pairs of the decelerating starter is the same as that of the traditional starter, but the magnetic field coil winding often adopts the method of small wires in series. Although the winding method of the armature winding is the same as the traditional principle, the manufacturing process is advanced.
Motor composition
The motor is composed of magnetic field (stator), armature (rotor) and commutator. In order to increase torque, multipole magnetic field is used. There are four magnetic fields. When the current passes through the armature coil, the whole coil will be rotated by a torque. Since the DC motor will generate a back EMF after being energized, which is proportional to the engine speed and inversely proportional to the torque, it can meet the requirements of engine starting. The starting current of the starter is very large, so the starting time must be short during operation.
Reduction mechanism
The driving gear of the reduction gear mechanism is connected with the engine flywheel to start the engine, and the one-way drive mode is adopted. When the speed of the pinion on the motor is higher than the speed of the flywheel ring gear of the engine, the motor drives the engine to rotate. When the speed of the engine is higher than the motor, the power transmission relationship between them is automatically relieved.
The decelerating starter is mainly composed of electromagnetic engagement switch, decelerating gear, motor, starting gear (pinion) and one-way meshing device, as shown in.
Mechanism installation
Clean the armature and external drive mechanism with gasoline. After cleaning, check whether the drive is flexible; During installation, graphite lubricating grease shall be applied between friction discs of friction clutch, and oil shall be applied to thread threads; The starter is installed on the engine. The distance between the end face of the drive gear and the flywheel plane should be 3-5 mm to ensure the correct engagement of the gear.
